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2001 IMO Problems/Problem 2: Difference between revisions

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Similarly <math>\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+8ca}} \geq \frac{b^{\frac{4}{3}}}{a^{\frac{4}{3}}+b^{\frac{4}{3}}+c^{\frac{4}{3}}}</math> and <math>\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+8ab}} \geq \frac{c^{\frac{4}{3}}}{a^{\frac{4}{3}}+b^{\frac{4}{3}}+c^{\frac{4}{3}}}</math>.
Similarly <math>\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+8ca}} \geq \frac{b^{\frac{4}{3}}}{a^{\frac{4}{3}}+b^{\frac{4}{3}}+c^{\frac{4}{3}}}</math> and <math>\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+8ab}} \geq \frac{c^{\frac{4}{3}}}{a^{\frac{4}{3}}+b^{\frac{4}{3}}+c^{\frac{4}{3}}}</math>.
Summing the three inequalities, we obtain the original inequality.
Summing the three inequalities, we obtain the original inequality.
=== Alternate Solution using Cauchy ===
We want to prove <cmath>\sum_{cyc}\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}\ge 1</cmath>
Note that since this inequality is homogenous, assume <math>a+b+c=3</math>.
By Cauchy, <math>\left(\sum_{cyc}\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}\right)\left(\sum_{cyc}a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}\right)\ge (a+b+c)^2=9</math>
Dividing both sides by <math>\sum_{cyc}a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}</math>, we see that we want to prove <cmath>\dfrac{9}{\sum\limits_{cyc}a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}\ge 1</cmath> or equivalently <cmath>\sum\limits_{cyc}a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}\le 9</cmath>
Squaring both sides, we have <cmath>\left(\sum_{cyc}a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}\right)^2\le 81</cmath>
Now use Cauchy again to obtain <cmath>\left(\sum_{cyc}a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}\right)^2\le (a+b+c)\left(\sum_{cyc}a(a^2+8bc)\right)\le 81</cmath>
Since <math>a+b+c=3</math>, the inequality becomes <cmath>\sum_{cyc}a^3+8abc\le 27</cmath> after some simplifying.
But this equals <cmath>(a+b+c)^3-3\left(\sum_{sym}a^2b\right)+18abc\le 27</cmath> and since <math>a+b+c=3</math> we just want to prove <cmath>\left(\sum_{sym}a^2b\right)\ge 6abc</cmath> after some simplifying.
But that is true by AM-GM. Thus, proved. \(\Box\)


== See also ==
== See also ==

Revision as of 00:33, 21 May 2014

Problem

Let $a,b,c$ be positive real numbers. Prove that $\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^{2}+8bc}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^{2}+8ca}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^{2}+8ab}}\ge 1$.

Solution

Solution using Holder's

By Holder's inequality, $\left(\sum\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^{2}+8bc}}\right)\left(\sum\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^{2}+8bc}}\right)\left(\sum a(a^{2}+8bc)\right)\ge (a+b+c)^{3}$ Thus we need only show that $(a+b+c)^{3}\ge a^{3}+b^{3}+c^{3}+24abc$ Which is obviously true since $(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)\ge 8abc$.

Alternate Solution using Jensen's

This inequality is homogeneous so we can assume without loss of generality $a+b+c=1$ and apply Jensen's inequality for $f(x)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}$, so we get: \[\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+8ac}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+8ab}} \geq \frac{1}{\sqrt{a^3+b^3+c^3+24abc}}\] but \[1=(a+b+c)^3=a^3+b^3+c^3+6abc+3(a^2b+a^2c+b^2a+b^2c+c^2a+c^2b) \geq a^3+b^3+c^3+24abc\] by AMGM, and thus the inequality is proven.

Alternate Solution using Isolated Fudging

We claim that \[\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+8bc}} \geq \frac{a^{\frac{4}{3}}}{a^{\frac{4}{3}}+b^{\frac{4}{3}}+c^{\frac{4}{3}}}\] Cross-multiplying, squaring both sides and expanding, we have \[a^{\frac{14}{3}}+a^{2}b^{\frac{8}{3}}+a^{2}c^{\frac{8}{3}}+2a^{\frac{11}{3}}b^{\frac{4}{3}}+2a^{\frac{11}{3}}c^{\frac{4}{3}}+2a^{2}b^{\frac{4}{3}}c^{\frac{4}{3}} \geq a^{\frac{14}{3}}+8a^{\frac{8}{3}}bc\] After cancelling the $a^{\frac{14}{3}}$ term, we apply AM-GM to RHS and obtain \[a^{2}b^{\frac{8}{3}}+a^{2}c^{\frac{8}{3}}+2a^{\frac{11}{3}}b^{\frac{4}{3}}+2a^{\frac{11}{3}}c^{\frac{4}{3}}+2a^{2}b^{\frac{4}{3}}c^{\frac{4}{3}} \geq 8(a^{\frac{64}{3}}b^8c^8)^{\frac{1}{8}}=8a^{\frac{8}{3}}bc\] as desired, completing the proof of the claim.

Similarly $\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+8ca}} \geq \frac{b^{\frac{4}{3}}}{a^{\frac{4}{3}}+b^{\frac{4}{3}}+c^{\frac{4}{3}}}$ and $\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+8ab}} \geq \frac{c^{\frac{4}{3}}}{a^{\frac{4}{3}}+b^{\frac{4}{3}}+c^{\frac{4}{3}}}$. Summing the three inequalities, we obtain the original inequality.

Alternate Solution using Cauchy

We want to prove \[\sum_{cyc}\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}\ge 1\]

Note that since this inequality is homogenous, assume $a+b+c=3$.

By Cauchy, $\left(\sum_{cyc}\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}\right)\left(\sum_{cyc}a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}\right)\ge (a+b+c)^2=9$

Dividing both sides by $\sum_{cyc}a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}$, we see that we want to prove \[\dfrac{9}{\sum\limits_{cyc}a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}\ge 1\] or equivalently \[\sum\limits_{cyc}a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}\le 9\]

Squaring both sides, we have \[\left(\sum_{cyc}a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}\right)^2\le 81\]

Now use Cauchy again to obtain \[\left(\sum_{cyc}a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}\right)^2\le (a+b+c)\left(\sum_{cyc}a(a^2+8bc)\right)\le 81\]

Since $a+b+c=3$, the inequality becomes \[\sum_{cyc}a^3+8abc\le 27\] after some simplifying.

But this equals \[(a+b+c)^3-3\left(\sum_{sym}a^2b\right)+18abc\le 27\] and since $a+b+c=3$ we just want to prove \[\left(\sum_{sym}a^2b\right)\ge 6abc\] after some simplifying.

But that is true by AM-GM. Thus, proved. \(\Box\)

See also

2001 IMO (Problems) • Resources
Preceded by
Problem 1 		1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 Followed by
Problem 3
All IMO Problems and Solutions
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