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2009 AMC 10B Problems/Problem 20: Difference between revisions

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[[Category: Introductory Geometry Problems]]
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== Solution ==
== Solution 1 ==


By the Pythagorean Theorem, <math>AC=\sqrt5</math>. Then, from the Angle Bisector Theorem, we have:
By the Pythagorean Theorem, <math>AC=\sqrt5</math>. Then, from the Angle Bisector Theorem, we have:
Line 44: Line 44:
BD\left(1+\frac{1}{\sqrt5}\right)=\frac{2}{\sqrt5}\\
BD\left(1+\frac{1}{\sqrt5}\right)=\frac{2}{\sqrt5}\\
BD(\sqrt5+1)=2\\
BD(\sqrt5+1)=2\\
BD=\frac{2}{\sqrt5+1}=\boxed{\frac{\sqrt5-1}{2} \Longrightarrow B}.</math>
BD=\frac{2}{\sqrt5+1}=\boxed{\frac{\sqrt5-1}{2} \implies B}.</math>
 
== Solution 2 ==
 
Let <math>\theta = \angle ADB = \angle ADC</math>. Notice <math>\tan \theta = BD</math> and <math>\tan 2 \theta = 2</math>. By the double angle identity, <cmath>2 = \frac{2 BD}{1 - BD^2} \implies BD = \boxed{\frac{\sqrt5 - 1}{2} \implies B}.</cmath>


== See Also ==
== See Also ==

Revision as of 18:00, 10 February 2019

Problem

Triangle $ABC$ has a right angle at $B$, $AB=1$, and $BC=2$. The bisector of $\angle BAC$ meets $\overline{BC}$ at $D$. What is $BD$?

[asy] unitsize(2cm); defaultpen(linewidth(.8pt)+fontsize(8pt)); dotfactor=4; pair A=(0,1), B=(0,0), C=(2,0); pair D=extension(A,bisectorpoint(B,A,C),B,C); pair[] ds={A,B,C,D}; dot(ds); draw(A--B--C--A--D); label("$1$",midpoint(A--B),W); label("$B$",B,SW); label("$D$",D,S); label("$C$",C,SE); label("$A$",A,NW); draw(rightanglemark(C,B,A,2)); [/asy]

$\text{(A) } \frac {\sqrt3 - 1}{2} \qquad \text{(B) } \frac {\sqrt5 - 1}{2} \qquad \text{(C) } \frac {\sqrt5 + 1}{2} \qquad \text{(D) } \frac {\sqrt6 + \sqrt2}{2} \qquad \text{(E) } 2\sqrt 3 - 1$

Solution 1

By the Pythagorean Theorem, $AC=\sqrt5$. Then, from the Angle Bisector Theorem, we have:

$\frac{BD}{1}=\frac{2-BD}{\sqrt5}\\ BD\left(1+\frac{1}{\sqrt5}\right)=\frac{2}{\sqrt5}\\ BD(\sqrt5+1)=2\\ BD=\frac{2}{\sqrt5+1}=\boxed{\frac{\sqrt5-1}{2} \implies B}.$

Solution 2

Let $\theta = \angle ADB = \angle ADC$. Notice $\tan \theta = BD$ and $\tan 2 \theta = 2$. By the double angle identity, \[2 = \frac{2 BD}{1 - BD^2} \implies BD = \boxed{\frac{\sqrt5 - 1}{2} \implies B}.\]

See Also

2009 AMC 10B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 19 		Followed by
Problem 21
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25
All AMC 10 Problems and Solutions

These problems are copyrighted © by the Mathematical Association of America, as part of the American Mathematics Competitions. Error creating thumbnail: File missing

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